头颈

男性、10岁、左侧听力丧失

      

答案1—5:BBBDA

      

Findingsanddiagnosis

          Findings          

TheCTimagesdemonstratedistinctanomaliesthathavebeendescribedasoftenoccurringtogether,althoughbotharerelativelyrare.First,thereisanelongatedhorizontalpetrouscarotidcanalandabsenceoftheverticalpetroussegment.Thecarotidarterycourseisthroughthemiddleearasitentersfrombelowatanenlargedtympaniccanal.Thereisnobonycoveringtotheintratympanicsegment,and,inthiscase,thevesselabutsthetympanicmembraneandtheossicularchain.Laterally,thearteryhasastenoticappearance,typicalforthisentity.

Second,thereisabsenceoftheleftforamenspinosumthroughwhichthemiddlemeningealarteryenterstheextraduralspaceintracranialasitarisesfromthemandibularbranchofthemaxillaryartery.Absenceorhypoplasiaoftheforamenspinosumisadirectassociationwiththeassociatedseconddiagnosis.FurtherevaluationoftheCTimagesrevealsanapparentsoft-tissueprominence,asymmetricfromtherightside,alongtheexpectedcourseofthetympanicfacialnerve.Infrequently,theremaybesubtleerosionofthecochlearpromontory,whichmaycontributetosensineuralhearingloss.

      

CT图像显示明显的异常,被发现经常同时发生的,虽然都是比较少见的。首先,水平岩段颈动脉管细长而垂直岩段缺失。颈动脉的过程是通过中耳从下面进入扩大的鼓室管,鼓室段没有骨覆盖,并且在这种情况下,血管紧靠鼓膜和听骨链。横向上,动脉有狭窄的外观,典型的实体。

其次,左棘孔的缺失,起源于上颌动脉的下颌支的脑膜中动脉经棘孔进入颅内硬膜外隙。棘孔缺如或发育不良直接关联着第二个诊断。CT图像的进一步研究揭示了一个明显的软组织隆起,与右侧不对称,沿鼓室段面神经的预期路径。偶尔,可能是耳蜗岬细微的侵蚀,这可能有助于感音神经性耳聋。

      Differentialdiagnosis--retrotympanicmass          

Vascular/pulsatile:血管性的/搏动的

Paraganglioma副神经节瘤

Hemangioma血管瘤

Dehiscent开裂的carotidartery颈动脉

Aberrantcarotidartery异常颈动脉

Dehiscentjugularbulb颈静脉球

Nonvascular:非血管性的

Cholesteatoma胆脂瘤

Schwannoma神经鞘瘤;

      Diagnosis      

Aberrantinternalcarotidartery(left)withassociatedpersistentstapedialartery

左侧异常颈内动脉合并永存镫骨动脉

      Thestapedialarteryisavestige(遗迹)ofwhichbranchialarch(腮弓)?AFirstBSecondCThirdDFourth      Discussion      

Misdiagnosisofanaberrantinternalcarotidartery(ICA)priortobiopsy,myringotomy,orothersurgerycanhavedisastrousandpotentiallylife-threateningresults.Thisisarelativelyrareabnormality,withanincidenceoflessthan1%.Thereisagenesisofthefirstsegmentoftheinternalcarotidarterywithpersistent







































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