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头颈
男性、10岁、左侧听力丧失
答案1—5:BBBDA
Findingsanddiagnosis
FindingsTheCTimagesdemonstratedistinctanomaliesthathavebeendescribedasoftenoccurringtogether,althoughbotharerelativelyrare.First,thereisanelongatedhorizontalpetrouscarotidcanalandabsenceoftheverticalpetroussegment.Thecarotidarterycourseisthroughthemiddleearasitentersfrombelowatanenlargedtympaniccanal.Thereisnobonycoveringtotheintratympanicsegment,and,inthiscase,thevesselabutsthetympanicmembraneandtheossicularchain.Laterally,thearteryhasastenoticappearance,typicalforthisentity.
Second,thereisabsenceoftheleftforamenspinosumthroughwhichthemiddlemeningealarteryenterstheextraduralspaceintracranialasitarisesfromthemandibularbranchofthemaxillaryartery.Absenceorhypoplasiaoftheforamenspinosumisadirectassociationwiththeassociatedseconddiagnosis.FurtherevaluationoftheCTimagesrevealsanapparentsoft-tissueprominence,asymmetricfromtherightside,alongtheexpectedcourseofthetympanicfacialnerve.Infrequently,theremaybesubtleerosionofthecochlearpromontory,whichmaycontributetosensineuralhearingloss.
CT图像显示明显的异常,被发现经常同时发生的,虽然都是比较少见的。首先,水平岩段颈动脉管细长而垂直岩段缺失。颈动脉的过程是通过中耳从下面进入扩大的鼓室管,鼓室段没有骨覆盖,并且在这种情况下,血管紧靠鼓膜和听骨链。横向上,动脉有狭窄的外观,典型的实体。
其次,左棘孔的缺失,起源于上颌动脉的下颌支的脑膜中动脉经棘孔进入颅内硬膜外隙。棘孔缺如或发育不良直接关联着第二个诊断。CT图像的进一步研究揭示了一个明显的软组织隆起,与右侧不对称,沿鼓室段面神经的预期路径。偶尔,可能是耳蜗岬细微的侵蚀,这可能有助于感音神经性耳聋。
Differentialdiagnosis--retrotympanicmassVascular/pulsatile:血管性的/搏动的
Paraganglioma副神经节瘤
Hemangioma血管瘤
Dehiscent开裂的carotidartery颈动脉
Aberrantcarotidartery异常颈动脉
Dehiscentjugularbulb颈静脉球
Nonvascular:非血管性的
Cholesteatoma胆脂瘤
Schwannoma神经鞘瘤;
DiagnosisAberrantinternalcarotidartery(left)withassociatedpersistentstapedialartery
左侧异常颈内动脉合并永存镫骨动脉
Thestapedialarteryisavestige(遗迹)ofwhichbranchialarch(腮弓)?AFirstBSecondCThirdDFourth DiscussionMisdiagnosisofanaberrantinternalcarotidartery(ICA)priortobiopsy,myringotomy,orothersurgerycanhavedisastrousandpotentiallylife-threateningresults.Thisisarelativelyrareabnormality,withanincidenceoflessthan1%.Thereisagenesisofthefirstsegmentoftheinternalcarotidarterywithpersistent太原治疗白癜风的医院北京什么医院看白癜风好
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